{"id":68,"date":"2023-06-21T15:57:00","date_gmt":"2023-06-21T13:57:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/bodysciencejourney.ujep.cz\/?page_id=68"},"modified":"2023-07-02T20:30:59","modified_gmt":"2023-07-02T18:30:59","slug":"bunka","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/bodysciencejourney.ujep.cz\/index.php\/bunka\/","title":{"rendered":"Bu\u0148ka"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bu\u0148ku nemus\u00edme jen kreslit, \u010di dopl\u0148ovat n\u00e1zvy jednotliv\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1sti do p\u0159edti\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9ho obr\u00e1zku. \u017d\u00e1ci si mohou model bu\u0148ky \u201eup\u00e9ct\u201c: <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/humanbodylearning.com\/parts-cell-anatomy-pizza-activity\/\">https:\/\/humanbodylearning.com\/parts-cell-anatomy-pizza-activity\/<\/a> <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Nebo je prostor pro celou \u0159adu dal\u0161\u00edch model\u016f za vyu\u017eit\u00ed nap\u0159. kartonu: <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.instructables.com\/Build-a-Model-of-a-Human-Cell\/\">https:\/\/www.instructables.com\/Build-a-Model-of-a-Human-Cell\/<\/a>\u00a0 a <\/strong>dal\u0161\u00ed:<strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.etsy.com\/listing\/1278833228\/animal-cell-model-kit-stem-activity-for\">https:\/\/www.etsy.com\/listing\/1278833228\/animal-cell-model-kit-stem-activity-for<\/a> <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>TIP:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bu\u0148ka jako m\u011bsto: <a href=\"https:\/\/clanky.rvp.cz\/clanek\/c\/Z\/22278\/bunka-jako-mesto.html\">https:\/\/clanky.rvp.cz\/clanek\/c\/Z\/22278\/bunka-jako-mesto.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Aktivity a tipy do v\u00fduky o bu\u0148ce: <a href=\"https:\/\/clanky.rvp.cz\/clanek\/c\/z\/22382\/AKTIVITY-A-TIPY-DO-VYUKY-O-BUNCE.html\">https:\/\/clanky.rvp.cz\/clanek\/c\/z\/22382\/AKTIVITY-A-TIPY-DO-VYUKY-O-BUNCE.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p>PL: <a href=\"https:\/\/edu.ceskatelevize.cz\/namet\/bunky\">https:\/\/edu.ceskatelevize.cz\/namet\/bunky<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Koncept osm\u00f3zy<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Na jak\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky m\u016f\u017eeme hledat odpov\u011b\u010f? <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Co je to bun\u011b\u010dn\u00e1 membr\u00e1na? Co je to osm\u00f3za?<\/p>\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00ed ot\u00e1zky vypl\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed z\u00a0dan\u00e9 aktivity:<\/p>\n<p>Jak\u00fd materi\u00e1l nejrychleji rozpou\u0161t\u00ed vaje\u010dnou sko\u0159\u00e1pku? Maj\u00ed v\u0161echna vejce polopropustnou membr\u00e1nu? Existuj\u00ed materi\u00e1ly, kter\u00e9 vaje\u010dnou sko\u0159\u00e1pku zes\u00edl\u00ed, m\u00edsto aby ji zeslabily? Lze procesu osm\u00f3zy n\u011bjak zabr\u00e1nit? Je mo\u017en\u00e9 vyt\u00e1hnout tekutinu zp\u011bt na vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed stranu membr\u00e1ny?<\/p>\n<p><strong>Co pot\u0159ebujeme?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>1 syrov\u00e9 vejce<\/li>\n<li>\u010cerven\u00e9 potravin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 barvivo<\/li>\n<li>Ocet<\/li>\n<li>Velk\u00e1 sklen\u011bn\u00e1 n\u00e1doba<\/li>\n<li>Zdroj a obr\u00e1zkov\u00fd popis zde: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.steamsational.com\/osmosis-for-kids-blood-cell\/\">https:\/\/www.steamsational.com\/osmosis-for-kids-blood-cell\/<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Postup:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Tato \u010d\u00e1st experimentu se \u0159\u00edd\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00edmi pokyny pro v\u011bdeck\u00fd experiment s\u00a0tzv. \u201enah\u00fdm vejcem\u201c<strong> (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.mozaweb.com\/cs\/Extra-Videa-Nahe_vejce-249937\">https:\/\/www.mozaweb.com\/cs\/Extra-Videa-Nahe_vejce-249937<\/a> ; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zsletohrad.cz\/eu\/chemie\/pokus34.htm\">https:\/\/www.zsletohrad.cz\/eu\/chemie\/pokus34.htm<\/a>). <\/strong>Nejprve namo\u010dte syrov\u00e9 vejce do asi 2 \u0161\u00e1lk\u016f octa na 24 a\u017e 48 hodin. Ocet rozpust\u00ed vaje\u010dnou sko\u0159\u00e1pku, proto\u017ee kyselina reaguje s uhli\u010ditanem v\u00e1penat\u00fdm, kter\u00fd tvo\u0159\u00ed vaje\u010dnou sko\u0159\u00e1pku. P\u0159i tom vznik\u00e1 oxid uhli\u010dit\u00fd, v\u00e1pn\u00edk a voda. Jakmile se na povrchu octa vytvo\u0159\u00ed p\u011bna a bublinky, m\u016f\u017eete za\u010d\u00edt druhou f\u00e1zi.<\/li>\n<li>Napl\u0148te velkou n\u00e1dobu vodou asi do poloviny. P\u0159idejte \u010derven\u00e9 potravin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 barvivo, aby voda z\u010dervenala. Opatrn\u011b p\u0159esu\u0148te \u201enah\u00e9\u201c vejce do \u010derven\u00e9 vody. Vejce nechte asi 24 hodin st\u00e1t.<\/li>\n<li>Vejce vyjm\u011bte z vody. Nyn\u00ed by m\u011blo b\u00fdt jasn\u011b \u010derven\u00e9, ale st\u00e1le by m\u011blo b\u00fdt ve tvaru vejce. Pokud vejce osu\u0161\u00edte pap\u00edrovou ut\u011brkou, uvid\u00edte, \u017ee je zcela such\u00e9 a nevyt\u00e9k\u00e1.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Jak to funguje? V\u0161echno je to o osm\u00f3ze! Rozklepnut\u00edm vaj\u00ed\u010dka zjist\u00edte, \u017ee vnit\u0159n\u00ed b\u00edlek vaj\u00ed\u010dka z\u010dervenal, ale \u017eloutek z\u016fstal oran\u017eov\u00fd. A\u010dkoli membr\u00e1na obklopuj\u00edc\u00ed \u017eloutek a b\u00edlek m\u016f\u017ee nas\u00e1knout vodu, samotn\u00fd \u017eloutek nikoli.<\/p>\n<p>Vnit\u0159n\u00ed membr\u00e1na vejce je polopropustn\u00e1. Uvnit\u0159 vejce je ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed koncentrace vody ne\u017e v n\u00e1dob\u011b, tak\u017ee membr\u00e1na vejce \u010dasem propou\u0161t\u00ed vodu dovnit\u0159 vejce. T\u00edm se vejce zna\u010dn\u011b zv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed. Membr\u00e1na je \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b tvo\u0159ena b\u00edlkovinou keratinem, kter\u00fd se nach\u00e1z\u00ed tak\u00e9 v lidsk\u00fdch vlasech.<\/p>\n<p>Zpo\u010d\u00e1tku si d\u011bti pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b budou myslet, \u017ee membr\u00e1na vaj\u00ed\u010dka je pevn\u00e1, ale namo\u010den\u00ed vaj\u00ed\u010dka do \u010derven\u00e9 vody uk\u00e1\u017ee, \u017ee membr\u00e1na je polopropustn\u00e1, ale dostate\u010dn\u011b pevn\u00e1 na to, aby udr\u017eela vodu, jakmile ji z n\u00e1doby vyjmeme. Nyn\u00ed v\u00edme, \u017ee b\u00edlkoviny ve \u017eloutku jsou nepropustn\u00e9, tak\u017ee barvivo nem\u016f\u017ee proniknout! Opi\u010dka tedy byla bl\u00edzko.<\/p>\n<p><strong>TIP:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Lze vyu\u017e\u00edt i trochu jinak a pracovat nam\u00edsto s\u00a0barvivem nap\u0159\u00edklad s\u00a0v\u00e1hou: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=qGALyEW4ZFY\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=qGALyEW4ZFY<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Lze vyu\u017e\u00edt i dal\u0161\u00edch pokus\u016f:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.svetenergie.cz\/cz\/vim-proc\/video\/2641\">https:\/\/www.svetenergie.cz\/cz\/vim-proc\/video\/2641<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/fyzmatik.pise.cz\/1634-osmoza-s-gumovym-vejcem.html\">https:\/\/fyzmatik.pise.cz\/1634-osmoza-s-gumovym-vejcem.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=wbg9fhcEwMI\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=wbg9fhcEwMI<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a0 Bu\u0148ku nemus\u00edme jen kreslit, \u010di dopl\u0148ovat n\u00e1zvy jednotliv\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1sti do p\u0159edti\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9ho obr\u00e1zku. \u017d\u00e1ci si mohou model bu\u0148ky \u201eup\u00e9ct\u201c: https:\/\/humanbodylearning.com\/parts-cell-anatomy-pizza-activity\/ Nebo je prostor pro celou \u0159adu dal\u0161\u00edch model\u016f za vyu\u017eit\u00ed nap\u0159. kartonu: https:\/\/www.instructables.com\/Build-a-Model-of-a-Human-Cell\/\u00a0 a dal\u0161\u00ed: https:\/\/www.etsy.com\/listing\/1278833228\/animal-cell-model-kit-stem-activity-for TIP: Bu\u0148ka jako m\u011bsto: https:\/\/clanky.rvp.cz\/clanek\/c\/Z\/22278\/bunka-jako-mesto.html Aktivity a tipy do v\u00fduky o bu\u0148ce: https:\/\/clanky.rvp.cz\/clanek\/c\/z\/22382\/AKTIVITY-A-TIPY-DO-VYUKY-O-BUNCE.html PL:&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"categories":[2],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bodysciencejourney.ujep.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/68"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bodysciencejourney.ujep.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bodysciencejourney.ujep.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bodysciencejourney.ujep.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bodysciencejourney.ujep.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=68"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/bodysciencejourney.ujep.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/68\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":165,"href":"https:\/\/bodysciencejourney.ujep.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/68\/revisions\/165"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bodysciencejourney.ujep.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=68"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bodysciencejourney.ujep.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=68"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bodysciencejourney.ujep.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=68"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}